Corncobs are formed as the structural support for corn kernels during the growth of the corn plant. They are composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, along with some proteins, minerals, and a small amount of fat. These components endow corncobs with unique physical and chemical properties, making them suitable for a wide range of applications.

In many rural areas, corncobs have traditionally been used as a source of fuel. Their ability to burn steadily and provide heat has made them a practical choice for heating homes in regions where other energy sources are scarce or expensive. But now, with technological advancements, we are looking at more efficient ways to convert corncobs into energy, such as through biomass pelletization for cleaner and more convenient heating.

In the industrial sector, corncobs are making a mark. They are used in the production of furfural, an important chemical intermediate. Furfural can be further processed into various products like plastics, resins, and solvents. Additionally, the high – porosity nature of corncobs makes them excellent candidates for use as adsorbents. They can be used to remove heavy metals from industrial wastewater, contributing to environmental protection efforts.